| ascii(text) | integer | ASCII code of the first character of the argument. | ascii('x') | 120 |
| btrim(string text, trim text) | text | Remove (trim) the longest string consisting only of characters in trim from the start and end of string | btrim('xyxtrimyyx','xy') | trim |
| chr(integer) | text | Character with the given ASCII code | chr(65) | A |
| convert(string text, [src_encoding name,] dest_encoding name) | text | Convert string to dest_encoding. The original encoding is specified by src_encoding. If src_encoding is omitted, database encoding is assumed. | convert('text_in_unicode', 'UNICODE', 'LATIN1') | text_in_unicode represented in ISO 8859-1 |
| decode(string text, type text) | bytea | Decode binary data from string previously encoded with encode(). Parameter type is same as in encode(). | decode('MTIzAAE=', 'base64') | 123\000\001 |
| encode(data bytea, type text) | text | Encode binary data to ASCII-only representation. Supported types are: base64, hex, escape. | encode('123\\000\\001', 'base64') | MTIzAAE= |
| initcap(text) | text | Convert first letter of each word (whitespace separated) to upper case | initcap('hi thomas') | Hi Thomas |
| length(string) | integer | Length of string | length('jose') | 4 |
| lpad(string text, length integer [, fill text]) | text | Fill up the string to length length by prepending the characters fill (a space by default). If the string is already longer than length then it is truncated (on the right). | lpad('hi', 5, 'xy') | xyxhi |
| ltrim(string text, text text) | text | Remove the longest string containing only characters from trim from the start of the string. | ltrim('zzzytrim','xyz') | trim |
| pg_client_encoding() | name | Current client encoding name. | pg_client_encoding() | SQL_ASCII |
| quote_ident(string text) | text | Return the given string suitably quoted to be used as an identifier in an SQL query string. Quotes are added only if necessary (i.e., if the string contains non-identifier characters or would be case-folded). Embedded quotes are properly doubled. | quote_ident('Foo') | "Foo" |
| quote_literal(string text) | text | Return the given string suitably quoted to be used as a literal in an SQL query string. Embedded quotes and backslashes are properly doubled. | quote_literal('O\'Reilly') | 'O''Reilly' |
| repeat(text, integer) | text | Repeat text a number of times | repeat('Pg', 4) | PgPgPgPg |
| replace(string text, from text, to text) | text | Replace all occurrences in string of substring from with substring to | replace('abcdefabcdef', 'cd', 'XX') | abXXefabXXef |
| rpad(string text, length integer [, fill text]) | text | Fill up the string to length length by appending the characters fill (a space by default). If the string is already longer than length then it is truncated. | rpad('hi', 5, 'xy') | hixyx |
| rtrim(string text, trim text) | text | Remove the longest string containing only characters from trim from the end of the string. | rtrim('trimxxxx','x') | trim |
| split_part(string text, delimiter text, column integer) | text | Split string on delimiter returning the resulting (one based) column number. | split_part('abc~@~def~@~ghi','~@~',2) | def |
| strpos(string, substring) | text | Locate specified substring (same as position(substring in string), but note the reversed argument order) | strpos('high','ig') | 2 |
| substr(string, from [, count]) | text | Extract specified substring (same as substring(string from from for count)) | substr('alphabet', 3, 2) | ph |
| to_ascii(text [, encoding]) | text | Convert text to ASCII from other encoding [a] | to_ascii('Karel') | Karel |
| to_hex(number integer or bigint) | text | Convert number to its equivalent hexadecimal representation | to_hex(9223372036854775807::bigint) | 7fffffffffffffff |
| translate(string text, from text, to text) | text | Any character in string that matches a character in the from set is replaced by the corresponding character in the to set. | translate('12345', '14', 'ax') | a23x5 |
