When Zoltán Lengyel published his collection of Hungarian family names and given names in 1917, he pointed out that a Hungarian naming policy would be necessary. The aim of this paper is to analyse three pillars of his ideas about such a naming policy. The first part surveys status policy: naming conflicts, a suggested solution, and representatives of naming policies. The second part scrutinizes corpus planning: the dichotomy of foreign and Hungarian names was the basis of including certain selected foreign names in the book of names and discarding others. The author argues that although Lengyel made a clean-cut distinction between foreign and native names, his corpus of names exhibited a boundary area rather than a sharp dividing line. That boundary area included names that could have been attributed to either pole on the basis of the criteria given; their classification was arbitrary in many cases. In classifying Hungarian names, Lengyel attached value judgements to the groups 418 Bernadette Gebhardt: Milyen legyen a „magyar névpolitika”? Lengyel Zoltán...

in terms of utility; he emphasized the priority of ancient Hungarian names as opposed to “ugly” or “worn-out” ones. Finally, the paper discusses linguistic nationalism and proposes that Lengyel’s ideas are similar to the phenomenon of “invented tradition” as described by Eric Hobsbawm.

Keywords: naming policy, personal names, name book, Zoltán Lengyel, invented tradition, foreign vs. Hungarian names, Hungarianisation of names, linguistic nationalism.

Bernadette Gebhardt
Pécsi Tudományegyetem

In this paper my aim is to find out what the main differences or similarities are between blind people and sighted people regarding their mental lexicon, and what representations there are in the mental lexicon of blind people about words and things that they cannot sense. I used various types of word association tasks to look into this question. 10 congenitally blind and 10 sighted people took part in this investigation. My hypothesis was that the associations of blind people would differ from the associations of participants in the control group for words that refer to things that we can only perceive by sight. I found both differences and similarities between the two groups. Blind participants activated more nouns than sighted participants both in the first task and in the third task, and in the first task the difference was very salient. The number of the associated words was far fewer in the second task in the blind group. The reason for that could be that this task contained three colour names, red, yellow and blue, and blind people cannot perceive colours. The number of synonyms and antonyms was similar.

Keywords: mental lexicon, sight-impaired people, blindness, word-association test, fluency test, lexical access, cognition.

Hantó Réka
Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem
MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézet

András Róna-Tas – †Árpád Berta, West Old Turkic. Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian

This book by András Róna-Tas and Árpád Berta was published in 2011 by Harrasowitz. The handbook does not only explore early Turkic loanwords in Hungarian but it also presents, in their movements and changes, the phonological, morphological, and semantic systems of both Turkic and Proto- and Old Hungarian as source and target languages, respectively. The comprehensive monograph calls for further research from related disciplines in a number of different issues. Studying this synthesis appears to be obligatory for representatives of Hungarian historical phonology and lexicology, Hungarian ancient history, economic history, cultural history, etc., as well as Turkic studies and a range of other disciplines. The paper gives a detailed chapter-by-chapter summary and evaluation of the book.

Keywords: Turkic loanwords, West Old Turkic, Proto-Hungarian and Old Hungarian historical phonology, morphology, and semantics, linguistic influence of Old Turkic.

Zaicz Gábor
Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem

The paper discusses the phonological and morphological integration of Hungarian loanwords in the Prekmurje (Mur Region) Slovene literary language. After a brief introduction to the history of Hungarian–Slovene linguistic contacts in the Mur Region, the discussion covers the layering of Hungarian loanwords in the Mur Region Slovene literary language. Phoneme substitution is demonstrated phoneme by phoneme, whereas morpheme substitution is shown separately for each part-of-speech category.

Keywords: Hungarian language, Prekmurje Slovene literary language, loanwords, phoneme substitution, morpheme substitution.

Dudás Előd
Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem

It is due to lack of sufficient sources and the character of the texts that are available from the Old Hungarian period that our conclusions and the back-projections based on them are often vague. One of the cases in point is the verb fog ‘hold’ whose auxiliary use (future: fog + infinitive) raises a number of issues. In the early sixteenth century, fog and kezd ‘begin’ occur in an auxiliary role in all but identical circumstances. The paper argues that fog is earlier in an auxiliary role than kezd; on the basis of spoken-language data, fog refers to a general and intended future action in this period whereas the use of kezd has to do with its inchoative character and its instances refer to the actual beginning of the action. An analysis of examples drawn from ecclesiastical texts fails to support the earlier claim that the two verbs had co-existed in identical roles. Our conclusions are further corroborated by a structural analysis of the two words concerned.

Keywords: grammaticalization, future tense, language use, Old Hungarian period, auxiliary.

HegedűsAttila
Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem